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The aim here is to describe how to complete the constructive logicist program, in the author's book Anti-Realism and Logic, of deriving all the Peano–Dedekind postulates for arithmetic within a theory of natural numbers that also accounts for their applicability in counting finite collections of objects. The axioms still to be derived are those for addition and multiplication. Frege did not derive them in a fully explicit, conceptually illuminating way. Nor has any neo-Fregean done so. These outstanding axioms need to be derived in a way fully in keeping with the spirit and the letter of Frege's logicism and his doctrine of definition. To that end this study develops a logic, in the Gentzen-Prawitz style of natural deduction, for the operation of orderly pairing. The logic is an extension of free first-order logic with identity. Orderly pairing is treated as a primitive. No notion of set is presupposed, nor any set-theoretic notion of membership. The formation of ordered pairs, and the two projection operations yielding their left and right coordinates, form a coeval family of logical notions. The challenge is to furnish them with introduction and elimination rules that capture their exact meanings, and no more. Orderly pairing as a logical primitive is then used in order to introduce addition and multiplication in a conceptually satisfying way within a constructive logicist theory of the natural numbers. Because of its reliance, throughout, on sense-constituting rules of natural deduction, the completed account can be described as "natural logicism'.

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8926-8_5

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