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Throughout the history of Occidental philosophy one generation after another (including philosophers as well as physicians) has had to suffer the tyranny of spiritualistic metaphysics, what Edmund Husserl, the founder of 20th century phenomenological philosophy, called "historically degenerate" metaphysics.¹ I hasten to qualify this assertion by adding that such suffering, in my judgment, need not be alleviated by the questionable practice of euthanasia on the part of contemporary philosophers, although one may well make the case that negative euthanasia² is justified in the case of a speculative metaphysics which has produced little more than an emptily formal ontology. Yet this harsh judgment need not entail the conclusion that Metaphysics überhaupt, to which some physicians and philosophers have, regrettably, an aversion, be henceforth rejected and abandoned. Indeed, it is one of the aims of this essay to make plausible and palatable the claim that Metaphysics or First Philosophy is in fact intimately bound to Medicine³ at their interface — the lived human body — and that this is at once identical with the initial aspirations of both philosophy and medicine, qualified by the exclusion of what Husserl called "all speculative excesses." ⁴

DOI: 10.1007/978-94-010-1769-5_13

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