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This chapter provides the translation and psychological rendering of the final three steps (dhārana, dhyāna, and samādhi) in yoga practice and the paranormal powers (siddhis) acquired by yoga practice. Dhārana is focused attention. It consists of fixing the mind on an object and exclusion of others. Dhyāna enables the continuation of concentration so that the mind stays steady without wandering. When the contemplating mind completely absorbs itself in the object of concentration, it attains a state of samādhi. The triple effort of concentration, contemplation and complete absorption in the object of concentration is collectively called saṃyama. In the state of saṃyama, one gains lucid insight (prajñā). The chapter goes on to describe the five states of the mind and the psychic powers achieved by the practice of yoga. The five states of mind are (1) restless and wandering mind (kṣipta), (2) ignorance and a state of slumber (mūḍha), (3) tendency to go after pleasure and to avoid pain (vikṣpita), (4) focused attention (ekāgrata), and (5) a state of complete tranquility (niruddha), where the mind becomes almost identical with consciousness.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5409-9_3

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